Cardiology Letters 2014, 23(1):26-29
Can we improve cardiovascular prognosis by further intervention of serum LDL cholesterol level?
- LF UK a UNB Staré Mesto, Mickiewiczova 13, 813 69 Bratislava, Slovenská republika
Cardiovascular diseases, mainly ischaemic heart disease (IHD), influence the quantity and the quality of life of our patients. One of the most important risk factors here is hypercholesterolemia, namely increased LDL cholesterol (LDL-Ch) level. This factor, together with other factors, is active from childhood and contributes to atherogenesis. Recently it was discovered that serum cholesterol level in a person is dependent also on genetic background, and mostly characteristics of the PCSK9 (proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9) gene are important here. Some of its (nonsense) mutations (blocking the PCSK9 activity) are able to increase the number of LDL-Ch receptors on hepatocytes and therefore they are able to reduce serum cholesterol level by 28%. There is a longitudinally concomitant reduction of cardiovascular events in these persons by 80%. For the prevention of IHD we need not only low serum LDL-Ch level but we need to have these low serum levels as early as possible during a person's life. We have therefore another potent drug (antibody against PCSK9, given subcutaneously) as an add-on treatment to potent high-dose statins. Data of the few early-published results are here astonishinly good. Fig. 2, Ref. 17, Online full text (Free, PDF) www.cardiology.sk Abstrakt. Kardiovaskulárne ochorenia, najmä ischemická choroba srdca (ICHS), významne ovplyvňujú dĺžku i kvalitu života. Významným rizikovým faktorom týchto ochorení je tu aj hypercholesterolémia, predovšetkým úroveň sérovej hladiny LDL cholesterolu (LDL-Ch). Tento a ďalšie rizikové faktory však pôsobia od narodenia, a teda dlhodobo podporujú vývoj aterogenézy. Nedávno sa preukázalo, že úroveň cholesterolémie ovplyvňuje aj genetická výbava chorého, najmä charakteristika PCSK9 génu (tzv. proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9). Isté jeho (nonsense) mutácie (blokujúce pôsobenie PCSK9) zvyšujú výskyt LDL-Ch receptorov na hepatocytoch, a tým zabezpečujú redukciu cholesterolémie o 28 percent, ale súčasne v dlhodobom sledovaní pokles kardiovaskulárnych príhod u týchto osôb až o 80 percent. Teda tieto sledovania preukazujú, že pre prevenciu ICHS je dôležitá nielen nízka sérová hladina LDL-Ch, ale je potrebné, aby k tomu došlo čím skôr a aby sme tak ovplyvnili priaznivo výskyt kardiovaskulárnych príhod. K statínom (najmä silným a používaným vo vysokej dávke) sa teda dnes dostáva ďalšie liečivo, ktorým je protilátka (s.c. podávaná) proti PCSK9. Isté publikované poznatky preukázali výnimočnú účinnosť tejto liečby v spolupráci so statínmi pri redukcii LDL cholesterolémie. O tomto novom liečebnom prístupe je tento článok.
Keywords: cardiovascular diseases; ischaemic heart disease; PCSK9; statin; LDL-cholesterol
Published: January 1, 2014 Show citation
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