Official journal of the Slovak Society of Cardiology,
Slovak Society of Hypertension and Slovak Association for Cardiac Arrhythmias

Cardiology Letters 2021, 30(5):267-276

Perspectives of microRNA as potential biomarkers in the diagnostic puzzle of pulmonary arterial hypertension

Vysočanský S1, Klimas J2, Luknár M1, Gonçalvesová E1
1 Kardiologická klinika LF UK a NÚSCH, a. s., Bratislava
2 Farmaceutickej fakulta UK, Bratislava, Slovenská republika

Pulmonary arterial hypertension is a rare disease with complex and still not completely understood etiopathogenesis which affects pulmonary circulation. Proliferative vasculopathy results in the increase of the right ventricular afterload during the course of the disease and finally to its failure. Diagnostic process is extremely comprehensive, based on the evaluation of clinical symptoms, echocardiographic findings and central hemodynamic parameters obtained by right heart catheterization. Natriuretic peptides are still the best diagnostic tool, also useful in the monitoring of the disease progression. New pathophysiologic mechanisms have been discovered in recent years. Among them, epigenetics is at the centre of interest, particularly a large group of small, non - coding RNA transcripts - microRNAs (miRNAs). These molecules are able to post-transcriptionally regulate gene expression and they are responsible for affecting several mechanisms in the PAH. The potential of miRNAs seems to be much broader than just to serve as biomarkers in the diagnostic process. Because of their regulatory function, targeted changes in different pathways may become a new therapeutic approach focused, not just on affecting their consequences, but mainly on the causes. Despite the new perspectives mentioned above, there are still many questions which need to be answered prior to getting miRNAs from bench to bedside. In this review we discuss the current knowledge about miRNA in the context of PAH, including an overiew of the most frequently investigated molecules associated with these diseases.

Keywords: pulmonary arterial hypertension; microRNA; biomarker; epigenetics

Published: May 1, 2021  Show citation

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Vysočanský S, Klimas J, Luknár M, Gonçalvesová E. Perspectives of microRNA as potential biomarkers in the diagnostic puzzle of pulmonary arterial hypertension. Cardiology Letters. 2021;30(5-6):267-276.
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